Introduction:
Periodontitis, or gum disease, is a chronic gum infection caused by bacteria. Without treatment, it can destroy the bone that supports the teeth.
This infection can be treated with non-surgical periodontal treatments in the early stages of periodontal disease.
Definition:
Periodontal non-surgical therapy is an anti-infectious treatment based on mechanical, and medical treatment.
Objectives:
-Replacing the pathogenic microbial flora with one compatible with periodontal health.
-Obtaining a clean root surface biologically compatible with soft tissues.
-Eliminating the pathological pockets.
-Stopping bone destruction.
-Reducing the depth of the periodontal pocket.
-Preparing for possible surgical treatment.
-Reducing gingival inflammation.
-Stabilizing periodontal disease.
Indications:
-Periodontal pocket depth < 5mm.
-Unsatisfactory response to the initial periodontal therapy.
-Bad plaque control and reinfection of the pocket.
-Preparation of the site for a surgical treatment.
-In case of contraindication to surgical treatment or patient refusal.
Limits:
-The anatomy of the pocket prevents access to the bottom.
-The periodontal pocket is too deep.
-The dental anatomy hinders access to the instruments (e.g. root proximity, overlapping teeth, the morphology of the bone lesion is too narrow).
Types of nonsurgical periodontal therapy:
1-Mechanical periodontal therapy: It consists in scaling and root planing.
2-Medical periodontal therapy: It consists of antibiotic therapy.
