Definition
It is the placement of an implant into the extraction socket immediately after the tooth is removed.
Introduction
In past years, immediate implant placement has gained popularity due to its numerous advantages.
Nevertheless, the surgeon is required to take various factors into consideration, before a patient is deemed suitable for immediate implant placement:
Indications:
- Permanent failure of endodontic treatment
- Unrecoverable root (E.g. fracture or perforation)
- Horizontal or vertical fracture of the tooth
- Traumatic expulsion of the tooth
- Unfavorable crown-to-root ratio
- Replacement of a failed implant
- Agenesis of the permanent tooth and terminal resorption of the primary tooth
Contraindications:
- Insufficient bone quantity and density surrounding the extraction site
- Acute periodontal or endodontic disease
- Depth of the socket < 10mm
- Width of the socket < 5mm
- Insufficient bone (<3 mm) beyond the tooth socket apex for initial implant stability
- Active infection
- Wide and/or long gingival recession
Advantages:
- Good osteogenic potential of the extraction site
- The overall length of the treatment period is reduced (The osteointegration process and the healing time coincide)
- Reduction in the number of surgical interventions
- No drilling of the cortical bone
- The placement of the implant is easier (The drilling direction is predetermined )
- The bone resorption and collapse of gingival architecture are lessened, which ensures a satisfying esthetic result
- Psychological comfort to the patient after losing a tooth
Conclusion
A thorough and detailed case study is critical in order to ensure a successful immediate implant placement.
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