Every peri-implant pathology must be treated as soon as possible to prevent the failure of the osseointegration.
1. Gingival hypertrophy
Gingival hypertrophy or hyperplasia, is an abnormal overgrowth of gingival tissues.
Causes:
- Not using a healing abutment
- Using an abutment that is too short
Treatment:
- Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty
- Displaced flap
- Replacement of the abutment with a longer one
2. Peri-implant abscess
Cause:
- The screw is not tightened. As a result, a gap is created leading to the formation of a granulation tissue.
The superinfection of this tissue results in an abscess.
Treatment:
- Clean and tighten the screw.
- Eliminate the granulation tissue.
3.Peri-implant gingivitis or mucositis
It is a reversible inflammation of the soft tissues around the implant.
Cause:
- Bacterial biofilm
Treatment:
- Better oral hygiene
4. Peri-implantitis
Peri-implantitis is a destructive inflammatory process affecting the soft and hard tissues surrounding dental implants.
Cause:
- Bacterial biofilm
Treatment:
*Non-surgical treatment
- Plaque and tartar removal
- Decontamination of the implant surface with an antiseptic such as betadine, chlorhexidine…
- Antibiotic
*Surgical treatment
- If the bone loss is small: The implant can be placed again deeper into the bone.
- If the bone loss is more or less significant:
Depending on the severity of the bone loss, the implant can be placed again deeper in addition to using bone void fillers.Bone regeneration techniques are also possible.
