Definition:
Glossitis is the inflammation of the tongue.
The tongue swells and changes color. It can affect speech, chewing, and swallowing.
Types of glossitis:
1-Atrophic or Hunter glossitis:
The tongue is red, smooth, and glossy. It is a result of vitamin B12 deficiency.
2-Geographic or benign migratory glossitis:
Geographic tongue is an inflammatory but harmless condition affecting the surface of your tongue.
The tongue is covered with white patches resembling a geographical map.
Several causes have been proposed: emotional stress, psychological factors, habits, allergies, diabetes, and hormonal disturbances.
3-Median rhomboid glossitis:
It is characterized by an area of redness on the central dorsum of the tongue.
4-Herpetic glossitis:
The lesions are round and defined.
Causes:
1-Allergic reaction to toothpaste, mouthwash, food, medication.
2-Bad oral health.
3-Low salivary secretion.
4-Fungal infection.
5-Vitamin B12 deficiency.
6-Diabetes.
7-Mouth trauma.
Inflammation may occur because of cuts and burns on the tongue or dental appliances like braces placed on your teeth.
8-Diseases that affect your immune system can affect the tongue. Herpes is an example.
How long does it last?
Usually, glossitis disappears after a few days.
If it persists for more than 3 weeks, it is advisable to consult a doctor.
Treatment:
Treating glossitis requires treating the cause of the inflammation.
-Vitamin B12 in case of deficiency.
-Antibiotics to get rid of infections.
-Antifungal.
-Topical corticosteroids can be prescribed to reduce redness and soreness.
-Artificial saliva to keep your mouth lubricated.
-Avoid anything you’re allergic to.
-Brushing your teeth improves the health of your tongue, gums, and teeth. This can help relieve the symptoms associated with glossitis and prevent the condition from happening again.
-Avoid smoking and drinking.
